A Smurf attack is a distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack that exploits Internet Protocol (IP) broadcast addresses and spoofed ICMP traffic rather than UDP traffic to overload a targeted device or network with bogus traffic.
Trinoo (also known as trin00) was the first well known DDos attack used against the University of Minnesota in August 1999. This two day attack involved flooding servers with UDP packets originating from thousands of machines. Source addresses were not spoofed, so systems running the offending daemons were contacted.
A Fraggle Attack is a denial-of-service (DoS) attack that involves sending a large amount of spoofed UDP traffic to a router‘s broadcast address within a network. It is very similar to a Smurf Attack, which uses spoofed ICMP traffic rather than UDP traffic to achieve the same goal.
A SYN flood (half-open attack) is a type of denial-of-service (DDoS) attack which aims to make a server unavailable to legitimate traffic by consuming all available server resources. The SYN flood affects only the ability of other computers to establish a TCP connection to the flooded server, but a smurf attack can bring an entire ISP down for minutes or hours.
